Ethiopia girl summit young lives presentation on child marriage 1. Methods we analyzed survey data from a multicountry prospective cohort of girls n 1,648 followed over four rounds from age 8 to 19 years 200220, as part of the young lives study in india, ethiopia. Underaged girls in ethiopia are susceptible for child marriage since a long time ago. Jul 22, 2014 ethiopia is committed to achieving the total elimination of fgm and child, early and forced marriage by 2025 through a strategic, multisectorial approach. Although regional bodies and governments have made strong commitments to ending both practices, they still remain common in parts of ethiopia. A research done by the usaid in 2012 depicted that child marriage is inversely correlated with education, maternal health, poverty reduction and other prowomen issues. In pursuit of its ambitious vision of eliminating child marriage by 2025, the government is implementing a mix of interventions at different levels. Ending child marriage is now part of the sustainable development goals. Child marriage in ethiopia is often caused by poor economic conditions and harmful traditional practices even through a ll major laws, including the fdre constitution and the revised family law, prohibit child marriage. Coverage and effects of child marriage prevention activities in amhara region, ethiopia findings from a 2007 study download document.
Top 50 hotspots for child marriage, by woredas, girls aged 1014 2007 census. Child abuse and neglect pdf project research download. Ethiopia international cooperation and development. Contested understandings and practices of female child marriage and circumcision in ethiopia 1 contents summary 2 acknowledgements 2 the authors 3 introduction 4 1. Child marriage and psychological wellbeing in niger and ethiopia. Ethiopia has one of the highest rates of early marriage in the world, with one in two. Ending child marriage in a generation ford foundation. Child marriage is the formal or informal marriage of a child under the age of 18 most often the marriage of a young girl to an older boy or man. Some as young as 8 or 9 are forced to trade their childhoods for a life that can be defined by isolation, violence and illness. Child marriage prevalence is the percentage of women aged 20 to 24 years who. In ethiopia, the rate of child marriage is three times higher in the northern region. Over the past decade ethiopias economy has experienced an average 10% annual growth. Child marriage unfpa united nations population fund. Aug 27, 2019 child marriage is the formal or informal marriage of a child under the age of 18 most often the marriage of a young girl to an older boy or man.
Globally, one in every five girls is married, or in union, before reaching age 18. Ethiopia recently adopted a strategy to end child marriage, and some of the projects being implemented in the country should contribute to reduce the practice child marriage. Ethiopia s ethnic and religious diversity means child marriage assumes a wide variety of forms. Background besides, the presence of national law, the country has to set up its own midterm and long term goals to bring about a significant reduction in child marriages in ethiopia.
The impact of child marriage can be detrimental for child brides as the loss of education leads to lower literacy rates and earnings opportunities. Ethiopia is said to have accounted for 20% of the total number of foreign adoptions procured by us citizens, with over 15,000 ethiopian children reportedly having been adopted by us families since 1999. Child marriage tends to dampen the efforts to end poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and equity. Effects of parentchild relationships on child marriage of girls in ethiopia, india, peru, and vietnam. In ethiopia, two in every five girls are married before their 18th birthday and nearly one in five girls marries before the age of 15.
It takes ethiopia to end child marriage world vision. This study assesses the effects of the parentchild relationship in early adolescence aged 12 years on early marriage of girls. Pdf child marriage in ethiopia a matter of concern i. The background, methodology and detailed findings and recommendations of the study are found from the overall report of the study multicountry analytical study of policies, interventions and cultural practices on child marriage in africa. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, the study shows that laws banning underage marriages could be an effective strategy to tackle child marriage and decrease infant mortality.
Child marriage often results in fistula, school dropout, violence, abuse and exploitation in ethiopia. Child marriage in ethiopia and its associated human rights violations. This study uses age discontinuities in the degree of exposure to a law that raised the legal age of marriage for women from 15 to 18 years in some regions of ethiopia to provide the first evidence on a the beneficial effects on child marriage and infant mortality of laws that ban underage marriage and on b the causal effect of delaying womens age at cohabitation on infant. In 2017 in ethiopia, 40% of girls are married off before 18 years old. In addition, in the qualitative analysis, ethiopian child brides reported suffering emotional distress and depression. The goal is in line with ethiopias objective to also reach middleincome country status by 2025, with the countrys overall development being closely linked to greater opportunities for. Child marriage and psychological wellbeing in niger and. Many girls who are married off before they turn 18 or are forced into early marriages are made to leave school, depriving them of their right to education and future independence. Is an official marriage certificate issued as a result of marriage registration. If one critical looks the consequences of early marriage, it is worst in its disgusted form. The causes, consequences and solutions to forced child. Presentation includes research in ethiopia on the connection between child marriage, couple communication, and intimate partner violence. Determinants of early marriage among married women in injibara.
In order to inspire greater commitments towards ending child marriage, this study demonstrates the negative impacts of the practice and their associated economic costs. Pdf child marriage is still a massive problem in many developing countries. Independent verification and evaluation of the end child marriage programme. In the least developed countries, that number doubles 40 per cent of girls are married before age 18, and 12 per cent of girls are married before age 15. Harmful traditional practices and child protection ethiopia. Pdf child marriage and psychological wellbeing in niger and. Marriage can lead to unique changes in the life of an adolescent girl. This study uses age discontinuities in exposure to a law that raised the legal age of marriage for women in ethiopia to investigate the causal link between child marriage and infant mortality. Association of communication exposure and social influence with parentsguardians knowledge and attitudes. Not all girls face the same risk of becoming child brides, even within countries. According to the most recent demographic and health survey data from 2011, the median age at which ethiopian women marry is 16. Despite laws against it, the practice remains widespread. Dowry the money the brides family pays to the groom is a big factor in child marriage.
A minor in a child marriage can be a girl or a boy, but the large majority of child marriages are between a girl and a man, and are rooted in gender inequality although the age of majority legal adulthood and marriageable age are usually designated at age 18. Percentage of women, aged 2024, who were married before age 18 or 15. Likewise, in ethiopia, almost half of early marriages are concentrated in four northern regions. The impact of child marriages on the economy fly malaysia. People worry that the older a girl is, the more they will have to pay, so they marry girls early. Abstract this brief has provided a basic profile of child marriage in ethiopia. Research has consistently documented the adverse economic, social, demographic and reproductive health consequences of child marriage for child brides, their families and their communities 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Unicef state of the worlds children, 20 data from unicef multiple. Marriage before the age of 18 is a fundamental violation of human rights. The compendium ends with key policy recommendations for marriage law reform and actions by au member states and other stakeholders working to end child marriage in africa. This policy brief, brought forth by young lives investigation, presents a general overview of.
Child marriage and female circumcision are linked practices that are widespread in subsaharan africa. Child marriage is most common in rural areas 100 80 50 10 90 60 20 70 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 rural urban child marriage is more common in rural areas child marriage is more common in urban areas togo suriname ghana guyana peru senegal nigeria 15. Child marriage is a marriage or similar union, formal or informal, between an adult and a child or another child under age eighteen. But child marriage may also have a direct impact on fertility after controlling for socioeconomic. Much remains to understand about child marriage and how to influence it. This brief has provided a basic profile of child marriage in ethiopia. Effects of parentchild relationships on child marriage of. The practice of child marriage in ethiopia has shown significant decline in recent years. Ending child marriage in a generation page 1 the problem of child marriage for girls and for development two interrelated reasons form the central rationales for working to end the practice of child marriage. Findings are from the tesfa project funded by icrw. October 2005 and the newly adopted criminal law of ethiopia. Forced child marriage is a lifechanging reality for many of the worlds girls. Slides were presented by jeffrey edmeades at the gbv task force event child, early and forced marriage and intimate partner violence on march 6, 2017. Child marriage in ethiopia a matter of concern citeseerx.
Child marriage in west and central africa september 2018. The causes, consequences and solutions to forced child marriage. The 2016 ethiopia demographic and health survey 2016 edhs was implemented by the central statistical agency csa from january 18, 2016, to june 27, 2016. In amharas quarit district, it is still common for girls as young as five to be married, but these marriages are purely ceremonial and are quickly followed by divorce. Child marriage in west and central africa is one of the biggest challenges in the region and has enormous adverse effects on education, health, including sexual and. Child marriage and fertility in ethiopia english abstract.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. This is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Ethiopia girl summit young lives presentation on child. Mar 06, 2017 presentation includes research in ethiopia on the connection between child marriage, couple communication, and intimate partner violence. Ethiopia is committed to achieving the total elimination of fgm and child, early and forced marriage by 2025 through a strategic, multisectorial approach.
The share of women ages 1822 who married as children is 36. The funding for the 2016 edhs was provided by the government of ethiopia, the united states agency for international development usaid, the government of. Child marriage and fertility in ethiopia english the. The purpose of this paper is to identify gaps in the research on child marriage in which additional investment could catalyze change. A guide for global policy action makes a strong case for international action, and strengthens the advocacy efforts of development practitioners and womens and childrens rights activists to end child marriage.
Evidence from ethiopia 2 young lives policy brief 21 july 2014 child marriage is still the norm in ethiopia where the most recent national figures suggest that more than half 58% of all women aged between 20 and 49 in 2011 were married by the legal age of 18 csae 2012a. Child marriage is prevalent in africa, with almost 40% of girls being married. By mapping out current knowledge of child marriage and the programs designed to address it, and. Marriage should be a time for celebration and joy unless you are one of the 64 million girls around the world forced into marriage before the age of 18. Girls can marry at age 15 in somali region and afar region civil code of ethiopia, 1960. The end child marriage programme ecmp, or finote hiwot pathway to life, began in march 2012. Percentage of women, aged 2024, who were married before age 15. Child marriage and fgmc in ethiopia yisak tafere lead qualitative researcher young lives ethiopia national girl summit 2015 data and evidence addis ababa, ethiopia june 25th, 2015 2. Percentage of women and girls, aged 1524, who are in a marriageunion and are currently using any method of contraception. Accordingly, the impacts of child marriage in ethiopia have been discussed below. The relationship between child marriage and fertility can be due in part to the socioeconomic and cultural context in which girls who marry early tend to live. Coverage and effects of child marriage prevention activities.
Each day, tens of thousands of girls worldwide are married while still children, often before they may be physically and emotionally ready to become wives and mothers. Usaid bureaus and missions should pay special attention to the. The international community is increasingly aware of the negative impacts of child marriage on a wide range of development outcomes. The practice of child marriage in ethiopia has shown. Surprising new evidence on child marriage in ethiopia. The prevalence of child marriage in ethiopia is 58 per cent for the age group 2549 years, according to the ethiopian demographic and health survey 2016. This work is a result of a series of technical consultations on child marriage. The prevalence of early marriage was high in injibara town, ethiopia. Independent verification and evaluation of the end child. Similarly, while a study from ethiopia found that partner relationship. Yet investments to end the practice remain limited. Many factors interact to place a child at risk of marriage, including poverty, the perception that marriage will provide protection, family honor, social norms, customary or religious laws that condone the practice, an inadequate legislative framework and the state of a countrys civil registration system. However, different forms of child maltreatment exist like. Child marriages in india the red elephant foundation december 20 e 4 introduction child marriage refers to the marriage of a child younger than 18 years old,1 in accordance to article 1 of the convention on the right of the child.
Child marriage and relationship quality in ethiopia. In simple terms, child marriage is the marriage of a person aged before majority. Child marriage statistics show child brides have a diminished chance of completing their education and are at a higher risk of being physically abused, contracting hiv and other diseases, and dying while pregnant or giving. Ethiopia is the 16th highest nation in the world for child marriage. Child marriage continues to be highly prevalent in africa, where almost 40% of girls are married before age 18. Child marriage prevention in amhara region, ethiopia.
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